Technological, Laboral and Psychological Demands of Telework during COVID-19 Pandemic
Keywords:
cyberpsychology, telework, remote work, work-life balanceAbstract
This research examined the technological, occupational, and psychological demands of teleworking during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 227 employees who experienced the transition from having a face-to-face job and moving to a teleworking modality due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico. The sample was composed mainly of women (79.7%). A cross-sectional non-experimental exploratory-descriptive design was implemented. The main findings indicate that the participants had the necessary equipment to work from home. However, they stated that they did not receive technological support to carry out work from home from their employer and that their work-life balance has been negatively affected. Also, an increase in workload and stress levels was observed. These findings open the way to studying sudden changes in work modalities (face-to-face and online) and their impact on workers.
References
Asociación Veterinaria de Medicina. (2020, May). COVID-19 in humans. https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/animal-health-and-welfare/covid-19/covid-19-humans
Belzunegui-Eraso, A., & Erro-Garcés, A. (2020). Teleworking in the context of the COVID-19 crisis. Sustainability, 123(6), 2-6. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093662.
Belzunegui-Eraso, A., Erro-Garcés, A., & Pastor-Gosálbez, M. I. (2013). Telework as a driver of the third sector and its networks. In T. Torres-Coronas & M. Vidal-Blasco (Eds.). Social e-enterprise: Value creation through ICT (pp. 83-95). IGI Global.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, March). 1918 pandemic (H1N1 virus). https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-pandemic-h1n1.html
Chong, S., Huang, Y., & Chang, C. H. (2020). Supporting interdependent telework employees: A moderated-mediation model linking daily COVID-19 task setbacks to next-day work withdrawal. Journal of Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000843.supp
Frenkel, M., Giessing, L., & Egger-Lampl, S. (2020) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on European police officers: Stress, demands and coping resources, Journal of Criminal Justice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101756
Gálvez, A., Martínez, M. J., & Pérez, C. (2012). Telework and work-life balance: Some dimensions for organizational change. Journal of Workplace Rights, 16(3-4), 273-297. https://doi.org/10.2190/WR.16.3-4.b
Hernández-Sampieri, R., & Mendoza-Torres, C. P. (2018). Metodología de la investigación: Las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta. McGraw-Hill.
Klein, P. A. (2008). It’s 9:05: Do you know where your workforce is? Conference Board Review, 46(2), 55-59.
Kowalski, K. B., & Swanson, J. A. (2005). Critical success factors in developing teleworking programs. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 12(3), 236-249. https://doi.org/10.1108/14635770510600357
Mayo Clinic. (2020, November). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20479963
Nicholas, A. (2014). Management and telework. In J. Wang (Ed.), Encyclopedia of business analytics and optimizations (pp. 1435-1445).IGI Global.
Nilles, J. M. (1975). Telecommunications and organizations decentralization. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 23, 1142-1147. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOM.1975.1092687
Office of Personnel Management. (2020). What is telework?. Telework.gov. https://www.telework.gov/about/
O’Donnell, L. (2020). Work-life balance: Balancing work and elder care through the coronavirus crisis. Harvard Business Review Digital Articles. https://hbr.org/2020/03/balancing-work-and-elder-care-through-the-coronavirus-crisis
Onakoya, S. (2017) The role of remote working in export management: Determining how virtual organizations can manage remote working effectively. Texila International Journal Of Management, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.21522/TIJMG.2015.04.02.Art002
Organización Internacional del Trabajo. (2017). Teletrabajo. https://www.teletrabajo.gov.co/622/w3-article-8228.html
Price, D. W., & Campbell, C. M. (2020). Rapid retooling, acquiring new skills, and competencies in the pandemic era: Implications and expectations for physician continuing professional development. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 40(2), 74. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEH.0000000000000297
Reilly, R. R., & Lojeski, K. S. (2009). Leading the dispersed workforce. Mechanical Engineering, 131(11), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2009-NOV-2
Rosario-Rodríguez, A., González-Rivera, J. A., Cruz-Santos, A., & Rodríguez-Ríos, L. (2020). Demandas tecnológicas, académicas y psicológicas en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Revista Caribeña de Psicología, 4(2), 176-185. https://doi.org/10.37226/rcp.v4i2.4915
Tavares, A. I. (2020) Telework and health effects review, and a research framework proposal. Munich Personal RePEc Archive. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/71648/1/MPRA_paper_71648.pdf
Yin, Y., & Wunderink, R. G. (2018). MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia. Respirology, 23(2), 130–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.13196
